Investigation into IoT-Based Smart Wearable Devices for Student Health Monitoring in Zaria LGA, Kaduna State
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Background of the study:
In the context of increasing health concerns among student populations, continuous health monitoring has become imperative for early detection and prevention of medical issues. In Zaria LGA, Kaduna State, traditional health check-ups are periodic and insufficient to capture real-time fluctuations in student well-being. The investigation into IoT-based smart wearable devices offers a promising approach by enabling continuous monitoring of vital parameters such as heart rate, blood pressure, and physical activity levels (Ibrahim, 2023). These wearable devices collect data in real time and transmit it via wireless networks to cloud-based platforms, where advanced analytics and machine learning algorithms can analyze health trends and identify potential issues early (Adeniyi, 2024). The integration of smart wearables into campus healthcare systems can facilitate personalized health interventions and timely medical responses, thereby reducing the risk of chronic illnesses and improving overall student wellness. Additionally, these devices offer the potential to monitor stress and sleep patterns, providing a holistic view of a student’s health. This data-driven approach not only enhances individual health management but also contributes to broader public health strategies by aggregating anonymized data for trend analysis. The continuous monitoring provided by smart wearables empowers students to take proactive measures in managing their health, ultimately contributing to a healthier and more productive academic environment (Udo, 2025). As universities worldwide adopt digital health innovations, the application of IoT-based wearable devices represents a critical step toward transforming campus healthcare in Zaria LGA.
Statement of the problem:
Student health in Zaria LGA is compromised by the limitations of traditional periodic health assessments, which fail to capture real-time changes in vital signs and overall well-being (Ibrahim, 2023). The lack of continuous monitoring often results in delayed diagnosis and intervention for conditions such as hypertension, anxiety, or sleep disorders. Manual health check-ups are not only time-consuming but also insufficient in detecting early signs of health deterioration. Consequently, students may experience prolonged periods of untreated health issues, affecting their academic performance and quality of life. Furthermore, the absence of integrated digital health platforms limits the ability of campus health services to track and respond to emerging health trends, making it difficult to implement proactive care strategies (Adeniyi, 2024). Financial and logistical constraints further impede the adoption of modern health monitoring technologies, leaving many students vulnerable to undetected health problems. Without an IoT-based smart wearable system, university health services remain reactive and fragmented, ultimately compromising the effectiveness of preventive healthcare measures in the campus environment (Udo, 2025).
Objectives of the study:
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To design an IoT-based smart wearable device for continuous monitoring of student health parameters.
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To evaluate the device’s effectiveness in early detection of health anomalies and stress indicators.
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To recommend strategies for integrating wearable health monitoring with existing campus health services.
Research questions:
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How effective is the IoT-based wearable device in monitoring vital signs in real time?
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What improvements in early health intervention can be observed following device implementation?
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How can the system be integrated with current university health services to enhance student care?
Significance of the study:
This study is significant as it proposes a transformative approach to student health monitoring through IoT-based wearable devices. Continuous, real-time health tracking enables early detection of potential issues, promotes proactive interventions, and ultimately enhances the overall well-being and academic performance of students in Zaria LGA.
Scope and limitations of the study:
This study is limited to the investigation and evaluation of IoT-based smart wearable devices for student health monitoring in Zaria LGA, Kaduna State. It does not extend to other health technologies or populations.
Definitions of terms:
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IoT (Internet of Things): A network of interconnected devices that transmit real-time health data.
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Smart Wearable Device: A portable electronic device that continuously monitors physiological parameters.
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Health Monitoring: The process of tracking vital signs to assess an individual’s health status.
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